In parts of the U.S., summer brings reports of anthrax in cattle. It hits rapidly, killing cattle without warning. That’s why some ranchers vaccinate their herds.

Anthrax is caused by bacteria that can lie dormant in the soil for many years before being reactivated and causing infections. Anthrax vaccine is inexpensive and effective, but it must be used with caution to prevent exposure to humans.

Anthrax is a reportable disease because it has serious health ramifications — both for people and animals. In areas where anthrax persists year after year, annual vaccination of cattle is generally recommended. Even so, consultation with a veterinarian is advised before vaccinating any animals.